Each worker has two bosses, their project boss and then their discipline manager. This may be seen as an efficient design as it allows an individual worker to be split across several projects. This ‘efficiency’ is a prime example of a lack of Slack - book and The Cost of Efficiency.

Matrix Management does structure the business around products and business values but it lacks agility and adaptability1.

1. Skelton, M., Pais, M. & Malan, R. Team Topologies: Organizing Business and Technology Teams for Fast Flow. (IT Revolution Press, Portland, OR, 2019).